GISP2/GRIP Stable Isotopes Stacked Record REFERENCES: White, J.W.C., L.K. Barlow, D. Fisher, P.M. Grootes, J. Jouzel, S.J. Johnsen, M. Stuiver, and H.B. Clausen. 1997. The climate signal in the stable isotopes of snow from Summit, Greenland: Results of comparisons with modern climate observations. Journal of Geophysical Research 102:26425 26439. Stuiver, M., P.M. Grootes, and T.F. Braziunas. 1995. The GISP2 18O climate record of the past 16,500 years and the role of the sun, ocean and volcanoes. Quaternary Research 44:341-354. Steig, E.J., P.M. Grootes, and M. Stuiver. 1994. Seasonal precipitaion timing and ice core records. Science 266:1885-1886. DATA DESCRIPTION: This file contains stable isotope (delta 18O) data from six ice cores, five from the area surrounding the GRIP deep ice core, and one from GISP2 (the "B" core). Dating control was achieved as described in White et al., (1997). For the GISP2 core, the timescale given here is NOT identical to the official GISP2 timescale in the file gisp2age.dat. Columns are as follows: Cal. Year: Calendar year of sample (1986 = summer 1985 to summer 1986). GRIP891, 892, 893: delta 18O (per mil) of cores from the GRIP camp drilled in 1989. GRIP912, 913: delta 18O (per mil) of cores from the GRIP camp drilled in 1991. GISP2 delta 18O (per mil) of the GISP2 "B" core DATA: Cal. delta 18O Year GRIP891 GRIP892 GRIP893 GRIP912 GRIP913 AvGRIP GISP2 ALL 1986 -35.24 -34.16 999999 -35.34 999999 999999 -36.59 -35.33 1985 -35.83 -34.57 999999 -35.75 999999 999999 -33.79 -34.99 1984 -32.91 -34.93 999999 -35.43 999999 999999 -33.40 -34.17 1983 -35.68 -35.83 999999 -35.52 999999 999999 -36.88 -35.98 1982 -33.97 -35.73 999999 -35.36 999999 999999 -37.06 -35.53 1981 -32.45 -33.98 999999 -34.95 999999 999999 -35.62 -34.25 1980 -36.36 -36.00 999999 -32.47 999999 999999 -35.66 -35.12 1979 -35.86 -34.99 -37.38 -36.38 -36.43 -36.21 -37.81 -36.44 1978 -33.72 -32.51 -35.26 -33.42 -35.83 -34.15 -35.98 -34.41 1977 -34.46 -33.05 -33.45 -33.38 -33.35 -33.54 -33.69 -33.56 1976 -34.97 -34.46 -35.12 -35.45 -34.02 -34.80 -35.41 -34.89 1975 -35.30 -34.68 -34.80 -34.78 -36.74 -35.26 -34.04 -35.09 1974 -36.10 -34.62 -35.54 -35.43 -35.26 -35.39 -34.94 -35.33 1973 -37.55 -35.96 -35.40 -36.12 -36.21 -36.25 -34.91 -36.06 1972 -36.32 -35.91 -35.22 -35.37 -33.56 -35.28 -35.13 -35.26 1971 -37.04 -35.26 -34.61 -33.97 -32.43 -34.66 -35.94 -34.85 1970 -33.19 -34.58 -35.70 -33.62 -34.45 -34.31 -34.53 -34.34 1969 -34.73 -35.54 -34.75 -35.38 -33.96 -34.87 -34.97 -34.89 1968 -33.85 -34.26 -33.83 -33.45 -35.12 -34.10 -33.60 -34.03 1967 -36.25 -35.69 -34.88 -37.30 -35.37 -35.90 -34.41 -35.69 1966 -35.16 -34.85 -34.40 -35.53 -33.79 -34.75 -34.05 -34.65 1965 -34.27 -32.24 -34.64 -34.81 -34.10 -34.01 -34.84 -34.13 1964 -35.06 -33.73 -33.89 -33.80 -34.81 -34.26 -34.14 -34.24 1963 -33.52 -35.28 -35.88 -35.81 -35.88 -35.27 -34.45 -35.16 1962 -33.29 -33.94 -37.24 -35.36 -36.43 -35.25 -33.51 -35.00 1961 -36.70 -33.42 -35.68 -33.08 -35.82 -34.94 -32.84 -34.64 1960 -36.23 -33.56 -35.23 -36.08 -34.74 -35.17 -34.85 -35.12 1959 -35.22 -33.49 -33.37 -34.88 -34.12 -34.22 -33.09 -34.06 1958 -35.06 -36.14 -35.00 -36.90 -36.26 -35.87 -34.31 -35.65 1957 -38.41 -37.27 -38.33 -37.13 -37.24 -37.68 -36.03 -37.44 1956 -35.76 -36.21 -35.84 -35.91 -35.16 -35.78 -36.49 -35.88 1955 -34.83 -35.79 -35.88 -34.70 -36.87 -35.61 -35.01 -35.53 1954 -34.49 -35.19 -35.77 -36.78 -35.44 -35.53 -36.13 -35.62 1953 -35.55 -33.60 -34.94 -33.25 -34.07 -34.28 -33.95 -34.24 1952 -35.55 -34.35 -34.50 -33.21 -35.53 -34.63 -34.11 -34.55 1951 -35.00 -35.57 -35.86 -34.90 -34.55 -35.18 -35.13 -35.17 1950 -36.02 -34.82 -37.65 -34.55 -35.78 -35.76 -35.01 -35.66 1949 -39.35 -36.64 -37.95 -34.20 -37.94 -37.22 -35.72 -37.00 1948 -36.78 -34.47 -36.35 -34.97 -36.52 -35.82 -35.07 -35.71 1947 -34.30 -33.72 -35.09 -33.40 -34.10 -34.12 -33.82 -34.08 1946 -33.80 -33.23 -35.27 -34.45 -33.88 -34.13 -33.94 -34.10 1945 -33.13 -33.43 -34.88 -35.08 -34.24 -34.15 -34.61 -34.22 1944 -35.40 -35.82 -36.40 -35.96 -34.90 -35.70 -35.59 -35.68 1943 -35.49 -35.22 -35.61 -37.17 -36.99 -36.10 -36.79 -36.20 1942 -34.31 -33.24 -34.33 -34.17 -34.86 -34.18 -33.07 -34.02 1941 -34.16 -34.01 -33.51 -34.16 -33.21 -33.81 -33.09 -33.71 1940 -35.54 -35.83 -36.40 -35.01 -34.81 -35.52 -33.64 -35.25 1939 -33.64 -34.19 -34.27 -33.56 -34.89 -34.11 -32.24 -33.84 1938 -35.33 -36.60 -35.31 -36.11 -37.57 -36.18 -35.00 -36.02 1937 -37.25 -36.80 -36.27 -36.77 -36.53 -36.72 -36.03 -36.63 1936 -34.60 -33.98 -35.82 -35.31 -36.42 -35.23 -34.14 -35.07 1935 -33.42 -34.18 -35.88 -34.60 -34.36 -34.49 -33.88 -34.40 1934 -33.29 -34.74 -35.56 -32.59 -34.07 -34.05 -32.66 -33.85 1933 -34.24 -34.82 -35.04 -33.92 -34.00 -34.40 -34.35 -34.40 1932 -33.74 -33.87 -32.87 -33.34 -33.08 -33.38 -32.73 -33.29 1931 -35.03 -35.94 -33.15 -33.88 -34.54 -34.51 -34.37 -34.49 1930 -35.27 -33.86 -33.56 -34.57 -34.99 -34.45 -35.63 -34.62 1929 -34.42 -33.20 -33.40 -34.15 -33.50 -33.73 -33.95 -33.77 1928 -32.52 -34.54 -35.76 -33.63 -33.46 -33.98 -33.33 -33.89 1927 -34.84 -36.14 -36.38 -33.63 -35.73 -35.34 -34.37 -35.21 1926 -35.79 -35.72 -35.92 -35.45 -37.09 -35.99 -36.15 -36.02 1925 -36.11 -34.90 -35.33 -35.76 -34.81 -35.38 -36.75 -35.58 1924 -36.95 -36.60 -36.56 -35.65 -37.03 -36.56 -38.01 -36.77 1923 -34.49 -36.31 -35.03 -33.27 -34.34 -34.69 -36.58 -34.96 1922 -35.67 -37.37 -35.36 -35.84 -36.43 -36.13 -36.96 -36.25 1921 -37.10 -37.34 -36.16 -36.50 -37.18 -36.86 -37.69 -36.98 1920 -35.14 -35.83 -36.83 -35.35 -34.97 -35.62 -35.53 -35.61 1919 -36.01 -36.35 -35.56 -35.53 -36.66 -36.02 -36.51 -36.09 1918 -35.39 -35.40 -36.15 -36.18 -36.82 -35.99 -36.45 -36.05 1917 -36.03 -36.98 -38.25 -36.60 -37.17 -37.01 -36.64 -36.95 1916 -33.10 -33.76 -33.85 -33.44 -32.81 -33.39 -33.05 -33.34 1915 -36.07 -34.92 -36.43 -34.77 -35.86 -35.61 -36.54 -35.74 1914 -36.32 -36.15 -37.02 -35.84 -35.98 -36.26 -37.07 -36.38 1913 -36.23 -35.55 -34.63 -36.34 -34.42 -35.43 -36.46 -35.58 1912 -35.82 -34.75 -35.31 -36.10 -34.50 -35.30 -35.82 -35.37 1911 -35.14 -34.60 -34.43 -35.10 -36.26 -35.11 -34.80 -35.06 1910 -34.58 -36.72 -35.85 -34.76 -36.97 -35.78 -35.01 -35.67 1909 -33.42 -35.62 -35.08 -33.63 -34.51 -34.45 -33.18 -34.27 1908 -33.70 -33.55 -34.52 -34.28 -33.29 -33.87 -33.35 -33.79 1907 -36.93 -35.59 -37.05 -38.84 -36.27 -36.94 -34.35 -36.57 1906 -37.29 -35.73 -36.97 -38.11 -36.27 -36.87 -36.40 -36.81 1905 -37.36 -36.31 -36.54 -36.98 -38.87 -37.21 -34.71 -36.86 1904 -34.86 -34.50 -34.71 -34.94 -38.23 -35.45 -35.74 -35.49 1903 -36.45 -36.06 -35.02 -34.28 -37.76 -35.91 -34.77 -35.75 1902 -34.53 -33.85 -34.64 -32.60 -35.13 -34.15 -34.50 -34.20 1901 -34.60 -34.09 -35.34 -34.36 -35.64 -34.81 -34.70 -34.79 1900 -36.75 -34.99 -36.30 -37.19 -35.81 -36.21 -33.86 -35.87 1899 -35.08 -34.68 -35.01 -37.26 -36.87 -35.78 -36.96 -35.95 1898 -34.86 -35.81 -33.05 -34.84 -35.80 -34.87 -35.32 -34.94 1897 -35.76 -35.69 -34.28 -35.62 -36.72 -35.61 -35.04 -35.53 1896 -35.27 -35.11 -34.63 -35.21 -35.01 -35.05 -37.61 -35.41 1895 -34.95 -34.88 -33.85 -34.32 -35.08 -34.62 -35.72 -34.77 1894 -35.27 -35.48 -34.06 -33.28 -34.07 -34.43 -33.98 -34.37 1893 -35.02 -34.75 -36.86 -34.31 -35.54 -35.30 -35.23 -35.29 1892 -35.49 -34.46 -38.18 -33.17 -35.16 -35.29 -34.94 -35.24 1891 -36.58 -35.20 -37.03 -35.26 -35.22 -35.86 -34.35 -35.64 1890 -36.67 -36.04 -36.17 -35.65 -35.09 -35.92 -34.43 -35.71 1889 -35.14 -34.76 -33.76 -34.83 -33.95 -34.49 -35.69 -34.66 1888 -34.26 -34.26 -34.74 -34.17 -32.94 -34.07 -33.69 -34.02 1887 -35.29 -35.21 -35.64 -35.44 -35.48 -35.41 -35.06 -35.36 1886 -34.82 -35.83 -36.29 -36.07 -36.28 -35.86 -35.20 -35.76 1885 -35.16 -36.32 -36.15 -36.25 -37.11 -36.20 -36.59 -36.25 1884 -35.14 -35.56 -35.78 -36.16 -37.11 -35.95 -36.97 -36.10 1883 -35.71 -36.00 -34.96 -34.95 -34.95 -35.31 -35.11 -35.29 1882 -36.88 -35.63 -36.35 -35.84 -35.49 -36.04 -34.90 -35.88 1881 -35.34 -34.46 -35.10 -35.44 -34.82 -35.03 -34.97 -35.02 1880 -34.52 -35.21 -34.61 -35.09 -34.57 -34.80 -34.45 -34.75 1879 -35.48 -35.89 -35.46 -36.09 -34.95 -35.57 -34.83 -35.47 1878 -34.82 -34.75 -33.72 -35.18 -33.88 -34.47 -33.61 -34.35 1877 -35.61 -34.59 -35.16 -34.58 -33.19 -34.63 -34.22 -34.57 1876 -34.53 -34.37 -32.99 -34.11 -32.60 -33.72 -34.76 -33.87 1875 -34.30 -34.21 -33.61 -34.67 -33.28 -34.01 -33.94 -34.00 1874 -35.81 -36.23 -36.15 -36.55 -35.40 -36.03 -33.94 -35.73 1873 -35.76 -36.89 -36.90 -36.33 -35.85 -36.35 -34.68 -36.11 1872 -33.63 -35.33 -33.89 -34.32 -34.31 -34.30 -34.99 -34.40 1871 -34.35 -33.42 -33.94 -32.93 -33.11 -33.55 -33.30 -33.51 1870 -34.57 -33.37 -35.70 -34.68 -36.03 -34.87 -32.25 -34.50 1869 -36.11 -35.43 -35.64 -35.36 -35.67 -35.64 -34.30 -35.45 1868 -36.44 -35.56 -36.41 -34.75 -35.14 -35.66 -35.63 -35.66 1867 -36.14 -35.66 -35.50 -35.47 -35.66 -35.69 -35.59 -35.67 1866 -37.58 -36.79 -37.00 -36.39 -38.07 -37.17 -35.71 -36.96 1865 -36.74 -36.83 -36.54 -36.55 -36.99 -36.73 -37.13 -36.79 1864 -36.83 -36.02 -36.45 -35.12 -35.22 -35.93 -34.89 -35.78 1863 -34.67 -37.29 -36.97 -38.00 -34.98 -36.38 -34.67 -36.14 1862 -34.94 -36.58 -35.45 -36.76 -34.84 -35.71 -35.24 -35.65 1861 -35.84 -36.30 -35.89 -36.85 -36.39 -36.25 -35.08 -36.09 1860 -35.08 -34.58 -36.32 -36.59 -34.64 -35.44 -35.21 -35.41 1859 -34.46 -35.55 -34.95 -35.25 -34.07 -34.86 -35.67 -34.97 1858 -34.23 -35.71 -35.13 -35.34 -35.04 -35.09 -36.40 -35.28 1857 -36.98 -35.42 -35.53 -36.02 -35.68 -35.93 -36.93 -36.07 1856 -36.28 -35.53 -35.09 -35.78 -35.42 -35.62 -36.63 -35.76 1855 -35.76 -36.50 -34.41 -36.35 -34.99 -35.60 -35.04 -35.52 1854 -36.54 -35.91 -34.09 -36.35 -35.45 -35.67 -34.95 -35.57 1853 -34.02 -33.98 -34.13 -35.28 -34.27 -34.34 -34.42 -34.35 1852 -34.06 -34.41 -34.48 -34.10 -32.92 -33.99 -35.20 -34.17 1851 -34.57 -34.49 -35.25 -35.76 -33.54 -34.72 -33.21 -34.51 1850 -34.55 -35.86 -35.57 -34.85 -34.26 -35.02 -33.65 -34.82 1849 -35.62 -36.95 -36.82 -35.04 -35.61 -36.01 -35.29 -35.91 1848 -35.69 -36.62 -35.62 -35.55 -35.29 -35.75 -36.82 -35.91 1847 -35.34 -35.51 -34.00 -33.87 -34.98 -34.74 -34.67 -34.73 1846 -36.30 -35.09 -35.30 -34.66 -35.68 -35.41 -33.64 -35.15 1845 -35.76 -33.75 -34.98 -36.26 -34.61 -35.07 -35.05 -35.07 1844 -35.02 -34.38 -34.13 -35.99 -36.77 -35.26 -35.07 -35.23 1843 -35.83 -36.01 -35.51 -35.42 -36.14 -35.78 -36.50 -35.89 1842 -35.16 -35.21 -34.94 -34.43 -35.86 -35.12 -36.88 -35.37 1841 -34.31 -34.16 -33.02 -35.05 -35.58 -34.42 -35.83 -34.63 1840 -33.90 -34.12 -33.02 -35.22 -33.68 -33.99 -35.94 -34.27 1839 -34.62 -36.08 -34.67 -35.87 -35.85 -35.42 -34.69 -35.31 1838 -34.19 -33.43 -33.29 -34.52 -35.01 -34.09 -35.22 -34.25 1837 -34.92 -34.65 -35.01 -33.79 -35.74 -34.82 -33.36 -34.61 1836 -39.52 -36.81 -36.59 -36.56 -37.33 -37.36 -35.13 -37.04 1835 -38.30 -37.00 -36.19 -37.84 -36.79 -37.22 -37.82 -37.31 1834 -34.95 -36.79 -36.90 -37.42 -37.47 -36.71 -38.04 -36.90 1833 -34.55 -35.54 -35.49 -36.19 -37.17 -35.79 -36.57 -35.90 1832 -36.09 -35.99 -36.79 -36.81 -35.92 -36.32 -35.45 -36.20 1831 -35.16 -33.16 -34.50 -34.41 -33.13 -34.07 -35.67 -34.30 1830 -35.86 -34.56 -35.80 -35.53 -34.89 -35.33 -34.54 -35.22 1829 -34.49 -34.87 -34.08 -35.26 -35.21 -34.78 -34.27 -34.71 1828 -34.22 -34.42 -33.21 -34.93 -34.40 -34.24 -35.18 -34.37 1827 -34.77 -34.01 -33.57 -34.84 -34.95 -34.43 -35.37 -34.56 1826 -36.56 -36.08 -36.08 -35.80 -36.05 -36.11 -35.42 -36.02 1825 -35.82 -35.78 -35.36 -34.56 -34.73 -35.25 -34.61 -35.16 1824 -35.94 -36.17 -36.33 -35.37 -35.75 -35.91 -34.88 -35.77 1823 -34.34 -35.30 -35.86 -34.92 -35.29 -35.14 -34.80 -35.09 1822 -34.41 -34.90 -34.68 -34.80 -34.36 -34.63 -34.53 -34.62 1821 -35.89 -36.94 -35.30 -35.68 -34.23 -35.61 -35.94 -35.66 1820 -33.87 -34.70 -34.07 -34.67 -34.59 -34.38 -34.54 -34.40 1819 -35.70 -35.15 -34.41 -35.33 -34.55 -35.03 -34.65 -34.97 1818 -35.30 -36.46 -36.11 -35.59 -34.83 -35.66 -34.51 -35.49 1817 -36.20 -36.90 -37.03 -36.56 -37.12 -36.76 -35.55 -36.59 1816 -35.77 -35.42 -36.52 -37.52 -36.38 -36.32 -35.75 -36.24 1815 -34.73 -34.48 -35.42 -36.52 -35.72 -35.37 -35.66 -35.42 1814 -34.79 -36.01 -35.54 -37.02 -35.74 -35.82 -33.90 -35.55 1813 -35.86 -37.08 -35.94 -36.35 -36.84 -36.41 -35.55 -36.29 1812 -35.00 -33.61 -35.09 -35.35 -36.07 -35.02 -34.81 -34.99 1811 -34.79 -35.59 -35.68 -35.87 -35.05 -35.40 -35.03 -35.34 1810 -35.08 -35.97 -35.40 -34.56 -34.85 -35.17 -35.86 -35.27 1809 -35.00 -34.25 -35.16 -34.84 -34.34 -34.72 -35.29 -34.80 1808 -34.41 -34.53 -34.67 -36.92 -33.91 -34.89 -34.92 -34.89 1807 -34.42 -35.35 -35.13 -36.07 -33.67 -34.93 -35.41 -35.00 1806 -35.35 -37.19 -34.84 -35.39 -35.46 -35.65 -36.86 -35.82 1805 -34.55 -35.00 -33.82 -34.35 -33.75 -34.29 -33.93 -34.24 1804 -33.25 -32.90 -33.94 -34.73 -34.76 -33.92 -34.16 -33.95 1803 -34.49 -33.51 -37.74 -35.69 -33.45 -34.98 -33.07 -34.70 1802 -35.70 -35.72 -38.60 -38.69 -36.90 -37.12 -36.13 -36.98 1801 -34.90 -35.11 -35.23 -35.80 -35.45 -35.30 -36.68 -35.50 1800 -34.45 -33.76 -33.36 -34.38 -33.42 -33.87 -34.79 -34.01 1799 -35.41 -35.09 -34.58 -36.64 -34.57 -35.26 -34.52 -35.15 1798 -36.34 -36.92 -35.82 -36.14 -37.07 -36.46 -35.53 -36.33 1797 -36.59 -37.06 -36.76 -35.99 -37.36 -36.75 -36.94 -36.78 1796 -35.34 -34.93 -35.61 -36.10 -35.37 -35.47 -37.11 -35.70 1795 -34.88 -35.42 -34.90 -34.97 -34.91 -35.02 -35.48 -35.08 1794 -33.67 -34.35 -34.39 -33.71 -35.49 -34.32 -32.66 -34.09 1793 -35.89 -35.96 -35.99 -35.98 -36.85 -36.13 -35.67 -36.07 1792 -34.62 -33.60 -33.84 -35.25 -34.89 -34.44 -34.54 -34.45 1791 -33.51 -34.25 -33.29 -34.51 -34.25 -33.96 -33.71 -33.93 1790 -34.48 -36.12 -33.40 -34.95 -36.18 -35.03 -35.10 -35.04 1789 -35.66 -36.30 -34.65 -34.75 -35.04 -35.28 -33.87 -35.08 1788 -34.49 -35.97 -34.57 -34.28 -35.38 -34.94 -35.08 -34.96 1787 -34.49 -34.15 -34.38 -34.82 -35.33 -34.63 -34.48 -34.61 1786 -33.07 -33.45 -33.84 -32.96 -32.47 -33.16 -32.36 -33.04 1785 -34.05 -35.10 -35.27 -33.86 -34.58 -34.57 -35.20 -34.66 1784 -34.11 -34.61 -36.21 -36.29 -35.30 -35.30 -36.33 -35.45 1783 -35.50 -36.26 -36.13 -37.00 -36.19 -36.22 -37.42 -36.39 1782 -34.91 -35.37 -34.08 -35.30 -34.19 -34.77 -33.98 -34.66 1781 -35.53 -34.20 -34.97 -35.99 -32.43 -34.62 -34.39 -34.59 1780 -35.72 -36.97 -36.22 -37.21 -35.66 -36.36 -36.69 -36.40 1779 -36.12 -35.04 -37.27 -36.48 -36.88 -36.36 -36.43 -36.37 1778 -36.94 -35.57 -37.00 -37.04 -37.30 -36.77 -34.95 -36.51 1777 -36.92 -34.63 -34.96 -36.05 -37.94 -36.10 -35.49 -36.01 1776 -35.01 -33.43 -34.62 -34.22 -34.47 -34.35 -34.78 -34.41 1775 -34.58 -33.41 -34.97 -34.50 -32.86 -34.06 -33.79 -34.03 1774 -35.17 -34.30 -35.37 -35.49 -33.68 -34.80 -34.18 -34.71 1773 -35.31 -35.37 -34.70 -34.06 -34.65 -34.82 -34.19 -34.73 1772 -35.21 -35.06 -35.12 -33.50 -34.37 -34.65 -34.02 -34.56