IceCube/IceTop
The IceCube Neutrino Observatory, located at the geographic South Pole, comprises a neutrino detector in the deep ice and a surface air-shower array, IceTop. Completed in 2010 after seven years of construction, IceCube consists of 86 vertical strings containing a total of 5,160 optical sensors, called digital
optical modules (DOMs), frozen in the ice at depths from 1.5 to 2.5 kilometer below the surface of the ice. A DOM consists of a pressure-protective glass sphere that houses a 10-inch photomultiplier tube together with electronic boards used for detection, digitization, and readout. The strings are separated by an average distance of 125 m, each one hosting 60 DOMs equally spaced over the kilometer of instrumented length. The DOMs detect Cherenkov radiation produced by relativistic particles passing through the ice.
